Skyscrapers were being built in the cities and the idea of mass transit had begun to take root. Not only did urbanization cause cities to grow in population, but it also caused buildings to grow higher and larger. Cities responded by paving streets, digging sewers, sanitizing water, constructing housing, and creating public transportation systems. As a result of unsanitary living conditions, diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and typhoid fever struck urban areas with increasing frequency. These large city populations caused crime rates to rise, and disease to spread rapidly. Roughly 40 percent of Americans lived in cities, and the number was climbing. Three of these-New York, Chicago, and Philadelphia-had more than one million inhabitants. In 1870, there were only two American cities with a population of more than 500,000, but by 1900, there were six. Louis, finished in 1891, exemplifies architect Louis Sullivan's ideas of form following function, which was a new principle in urban architecture of the period. Factory jobs were the only jobs some immigrants could get, and as more came to the cities to work, the larger the urbanization process became. Minorities and immigrants added to these numbers. The increasing factory businesses created many job opportunities in cities, and people began to flock from rural, farm areas, to large urban locations. The industrialization of the late nineteenth century brought on rapid urbanization. urbanization: The process of the formation and growth of cities.immigrant: A person who comes to a country from another country in order to permanently settle in the new country.mass transit: A large-scale transportation system in which the passengers do not travel in their own vehicles.When public-transit systems grew, allowing people to move further away, wealthier families moved outside of the city, creating the suburbs.In 1870, there were only two American cities with a population of more than 500,000, but by 1900, there were six, and three of these-New York, Chicago, and Philadelphia-had more than one million inhabitants.When more people moved into cities, architecture shifted to accommodate them, and the first skyscrapers appeared.With the growth in population, crime and disease increased.Led to the Progressive Movement in which reformers attempted to clean up the evils brought on by the thirst for wealth and power generated by the above-mentioned 'robber-barons. Led to the age of overseas imperialism and expansion as America needed larger and larger markets in which to sell these goods and FROM which to extrace the raw materials necessary to power these growing factoriesħ. Thanks to the electric light now factories could stay open for 24 hours if necessary to pump out an endless stream of goods.Ħ.
Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, Cornelius Vanderbilt, J.P. Now the workers had to adapt to the factory and not the factory adapt to the workerĤ. FACTORIES now took the place of small shops with one or two machines. Involved gasoline-powered motors and electrical-powered engines and turbines.ģ. Started as a result of the increased demand for goods following the Civil War with the rebuilding of the South, the building of the railroads west, and the move off the farm to the cities in the northĢ.
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